Function of concession/qualification

Low-cost air-quality sensors promise block-by-block data that a small number of regulatory monitors cannot provide. During a trial lasting 8 weeks, though, uncalibrated sensors gradually reported ozone values as much as 19 percent above a reference instrument’s readings. As engineer Mira Patel observes, “A low price does not eliminate the need for careful maintenance.” Admittedly, dense sensor networks can reveal local pollution patterns that a few reference stations may miss. But what should communities do when accessible instruments drift? Pairing each network with a reference monitor allows periodic recalibration while preserving broad coverage. The wisest policy, then, is not to replace reference stations but to use low-cost sensors as a calibrated supplement.